The section of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) code which includes public charities such as religious, scientific, educational, and certain other organizations. Under section 501(c)(3) a nonprofit can be approved...
The section of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) code which includes public charities such as religious, scientific, educational, and certain other organizations. Under section 501(c)(3) a nonprofit can be approved...
A government index that tracks the changes in prices in order to measure general inflation. This index can be used by small companies to obtain the benefits of LIFO without tracking individual units in inventory. See the...
Our Explanation of Evaluating Business Investments compares four of the techniques for reviewing potential capital expenditures. You will be introduced to accounting rate of return, payback, net present value, and...
accounts: Liability accounts such as Accounts Payable, Notes Payable, Wages Payable, Interest Payable, Income Taxes Payable, Customer Deposits, Deferred Income Taxes, etc. Hence, a credit balance in Accounts Payable...
: It is a note payable for the borrower who reports the note on its balance sheet as a liability It is a note receivable for the lender who reports the note on its balance sheet as an asset The interest promised in the...
by a company’s liabilities will generally have a lower cost than money raised from stockholders’ equity for the following reasons: Some liabilities such as accounts payable have no interest expense associated with...
policies such as how and when revenues are recognized, how property is depreciated, how inventory and income taxes are accounted for, and more. Other disclosures in the notes to the financial statements include the...
, a $20,000 amount will likely be immaterial for a large corporation with a net income of $900,000. However, the same $20,000 amount will be material for a small corporation with a net income of $40,000. Another view of...
for income tax purposes Bondholders are not owners and therefore the ownership interest of the existing stockholders will not be diluted Example of Bonds Payable Usually public utilities issue bonds to help finance a...
or notes payable Accrued expenses payable Deferred revenues Bonds payable Income taxes payable and deferred income taxes Definition of Debt When some people use the term debt, they are referring to all of the amounts...
or covenants regarding interest and principal payments, maintaining certain financial ratios, and more. Failure to meet those conditions can result in severe consequences. In the U.S., a benefit of debt financing is...
that the future value of $1,100 has a present value of $1,000. The difference of $100 will be reported as interest income during the 365 days that the company is earning the interest. Example of the Time Value of Money...
statements should be based on a formula that is: Logical Consistently applied Objective and acceptable to another unbiased accountant The depreciation expense reported on a company’s financial statements is usually...
expensive components of the cost of capital. One reason is that the interest is deductible for income taxes. For example, a corporation paying 6% on its loans may have an after-tax cost of 4% when its combined federal...
What is an accountant? Definition of Accountant Accountants are employed by businesses and other organizations to report their financial results according to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and income tax...
/sunk costs may help us determine the relevant current and future costs and potential income tax benefits. Example of a Sunk Cost Assume that a year ago a company spent $100,000 to purchase and install a new...
its inventory items, and at the same time use the last-in, first-out (LIFO) cost flow assumption. (In periods of inflation LIFO means the higher/recent costs will be moved to the cost of goods sold while the...
What is payroll accounting? Definition of Payroll Accounting Payroll accounting involves a company’s recording of its employees’ compensation including: gross wages, salaries, bonuses, commissions, and so on that...
with the principal balance in the lender’s records. This can be confirmed on a loan statement from the lender or by asking the lender for the principal balance. Join PRO to Track Progress Mark the Question as Read...
What is a long-term asset? Definition of Long-term Asset A long-term asset is an asset that is not expected to be converted to cash or be consumed within one year of the date shown in the heading of the balance sheet....
What is the difference between wages and salary? You should be aware that some people use the terms wages and salary interchangeably. I and many others make the following distinction… Definition of Wages Wages are...
What does current portion of long term debt mean? Definition of Current Portion of Long-Term Debt The current portion of long-term debt is the amount of principal that will be due within one year of the date of the...
What is the FUTA tax? Definition of FUTA Tax FUTA is the acronym for the Federal Unemployment Tax Act and is associated with a federal payroll or employment tax paid solely by the employer. (This unemployment tax is in...
What is par value? Definition of Par Value Par value is a per share amount that will appear on some stock certificates and in the corporation’s articles of incorporation. (Some states may require a corporation to have...
What is a trade discount? Definition of Trade Discount A trade discount is a routine reduction from the regular, established price of a product. The use of trade discounts allows a company to vary the final price based...
What is premium on common stock? Definition of Premium on Common Stock If a corporation’s common stock has a par value and the corporation receives more than the par value when issuing a new share of the stock, the...
What is the meaning of aging? Definition of Aging In accounting, the term aging is often associated with a company’s accounts receivable. Accounts receivable arise when a company provides goods or services and allows...
Is sales tax an expense or a liability? Definition of Sales Tax In the U.S., a sales tax is a state tax (and possibly an additional city and/or county tax) that is paid by the buyer at the time of purchase. The sales tax...
What is capitalized interest? Definition of Capitalized Interest Capitalized interest is the interest on debt that was used to finance a self-constructed, long-term asset. The capitalized interest for the company’s...
liabilities Other accrued expenses Income taxes payable Again, the order will vary. For example, some companies will list Accounts Payable as the first current liability account. Join PRO to Track Progress Mark the...
How do you compute a selling price if you know the cost and the required gross margin? Definition of Selling Price A selling price is the amount that a customer will pay to buy a product. If a retailer wants to earn a...
of the accounting department and are often distributed outside of the company. The balance sheet summarizes and reports the balances from the asset, liability, and stockholders’ equity accounts that are contained in...
How do I record an advance to an employee and the deduction? Definition of Advance to an Employee A cash advance to an employee is usually a temporary loan by a company to an employee. In other words, the company is the...
What is meant by reconciling an account? Definition of Reconciling an Account Reconciling an account is likely to mean proving or documenting that an account balance is correct. Examples of Reconciling an Account When a...
What is EBITDA? EBITDA is the acronym for earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. Take our Financial Ratios Exam. Join PRO to Track Progress Mark the Question as Read Must-Watch Video Learn How...
Why would a balance sheet list current liabilities as negative amounts? Reasons for Negative Current Liabilities on a Balance Sheet Some older accounting software used minus signs or parentheses to indicate credit...
Can a fully depreciated asset be revalued? A fully depreciated asset cannot be revalued because of accounting’s cost principle. Definition of a Fully Depreciated Asset A fully depreciated asset is one that has...
What is the abbreviation for debit and credit? Abbreviation for Debit and Credit The abbreviation for debit is dr. and the abbreviation for credit is cr. Apparently the “dr.” is associated with the term used in Italy...
What is book value? Definition of Book Value In accounting, book value refers to the amounts contained in the company’s general ledger accounts (or books). It is important to realize that the book value is not the same...
What does double entry mean? Definition of Double Entry In accounting, double entry means that every transaction will involve at least two accounts. Double entry also requires that one account be debited and the other...
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